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)%0001234557576342( etar erueruliaf edom noitarepo/noitarepo-noNThe heat sink and the module are in close contact with each other and there is no gap or rattling.The heat sink and the module are not in close contact with each other and there is a gap or rattlingPower supply side socketPower supply side baseStraight tube type LED module / unitPower supply side socketPower supply side baseStraight tube type LED module / unitliaf evitalumuCFig. ● Cumulative failure rate of light fixturesTable ◆ Guideline of replacement intervals100Operating time80Main applications6040Voltage20OperatingconditionTemperature (°C)Cumulative ON time (x 10,000 hours)1015Replacement period (number of years)Cumulative operating years (ON for 10 hours/day, 3,000 hours/year)1,500 hours / year (5 hours / day)3,000 hours / year (10 hours / day)5,000 hours / year (17 hours / day)8,000 hours / year (24 hours / day)Gymnasium, conference roomGeneral office, factory, storeFactory (2 shifts)(24-hour operation)Rated voltage105％Rated voltage105％Rated voltage105％30orlower30orlower30orlower30orlower30orlower30orlower30orlower404040404040151014103.53.8Factory 24-hour ONRated voltage105％30orlower40401.92.51.3Service life of light fixtures and safety maintenance for long-term useAbout the useful life of light fixturesThe useful life of a light fixture is affected largely by operating conditions （ambient temperature, humidity, power supply voltage, ON time, dirtiness, vibration, etc.）, so it is difficult to determine the length of useful life. The Explanation on JIS C8105-1 has the following description.About the useful life of LED power supply unitsThe LED power supply unit is made of various electronic parts. Therefore, the service life of the LED light fixture is affected largely by the degradation of individual electronic parts. Electronic parts generally degrade due to factors shown in the table below. LED light fixtures are designed with due consideration to the degradation of electronic parts. Our LED power supply units are provided with a current fuse for safety. The fuse prevents excessive current from flowing through the wires at the end of service life and in the event of abnormalities such as failure of parts.Main degradation inducing factors and degradation modes of electronic parts in LED power supply unitAbout the service life of LEDIn January 2008, Japan Lighting Manufacturers Association established the performance requirements for white LED light fixtures, in which the service life of LEDs is defined as follows: When an LED is used as a main light source of a general light fixture, its service life is the shorter one of the following: the total lighting hours until the LED stops lighting or the total lighting hours until the total luminous flux decreases to 70% of the value obtained immediately after the LED lights. Note that this does not apply to those used for display or decorative applications. Accordingly, our company defines the service life of white LEDs as the lighting hours until the total luminous flux decreases to 70% of the initial value. （This does not apply when the "service life" is defined by law, etc. or when the use of LED deviates from the usage described in the above definition, such as for decorative color illumination.） Note that "service life" refers to the design service life, and is not a guaranteed service life.Excerpt from Explanation on JIS C8105-1 "Luminaries – Part 1: General Requirements for Safety"The technical standards of the Electrical Appliances and Materials Safety Act specify 40,000 hours as the performance limit of electrical insulation materials under prescribed conditions. In actual use, various conditions also affect the performance, so it is said that degradation （wear-out failure） of parts starts after about 30,000 hours of use. Fig. ● shows the relationship between the operating time of a group of light fixtures operating with rated voltage and at normal temperature and the cumulative failure rate. Table indicates the guideline replacement intervals of light fixtures （based on the cumulative failure rate） for different applications and usage conditions.Name of partsWinding （Transformer choke）Electrolytic capacitorEvaporation of electrolyteFilm capacitorSemiconductorSolderPrinted circuit boardInsulation degradation due to excessive adhesion of insects/dust or unexpected amount of waterMain degradation modeInsulation performance degradationInsulation performance degradationBreakdown of semiconductor chip insulation （incidental occurrence）Cracking of solder section due to heat expansion/contractionMain degradation inducing factorTemperature rise, voltageTemperature riseTemperature rise, humidityTemperature rise, voltage, humidityDegradation phenomenonLayer short-circuit （inter-layer short-circuit）Reduced capacityIncrease in tanδ （loss）, reduced capacityShort-circuit or failure of characteristicTemperature rise, frequent ON/OFFOut of continuityOperating environmentOperation failure358Safety cautionAbout noise generation of lighting fixturesLED light fixtures generate slight humming noise. This does not denote a malfunction.・ Rubbing noise from shade cover, etc.If the light fixtures is made with a combination of wood and plastic parts （light globe, shade, cover, etc.）, a squeak noise may be generated when the light is turned ON/OFF. This noise is caused by rubbing of materials with different expansion rates （acrylic and wood, acrylic and iron sheet, etc.） when they become heated or cool. This does not denote a malfunction of the light fixture.Caution in use of LED light fixtures・ About noise （electromagnetic wave） generation when using LED light fixturesThe LED light fixture converts commercial power supply to a direct current （DC）, so it tends to generate more radiation noise than an ordinary ballast （copper/iron ballast） that uses commercial utility frequency. This noise can affect audio/video equipment. （The degree of effect varies depending on the number of audio/video units, their arrangement and the type of equipment.） Our products are manufactured in accordance with the Electrical Appliances and Materials Safety Act and industrial guidelines.Do not modify the light fixture or add parts.・ Never add a switch or capacitor at the installation site for the purpose of improving power factor. Do not modify the light fixture. It can cause equipment malfunction.Our company produces products upon registration and notification to authorities in accordance with the Electrical Appliances and Materials Safety Act. It is prohibited to change the startup system or add parts to it. We inspect and confirm the performance of light fixtures （with built-in ballast） we produce. We cannot guarantee proper product performance if modification （such as replacement of ballast） is made on the purchased product. You are solely responsible for any accidents of product issues encountered after carrying out such modification.About compatibilityNote that our products may not be compatible with use of products made by other manufacturers.Notes on LED module replacement・ Humming noise from light controllerThe light controller generates a slight humming noise during use. This does not denote a malfunction. （For more information, refer to the operation manual supplied with the light fixture.）・ Humming noise generated by dimming device due to phase control・ Combination of LED light fixture and electrical leakage circuit breaker・ Combination of LED light fixture and remote control circuit breaker・ When using a single-pole switch with single-phase three-wire 200-V power supply, the leakage current can be greater when the light is OFF than when it is ON. Carefully set the sensitivity to prevent unnecessary activation of the electrical leakage circuit breaker. Use of a double-pole switch can reduce the leakage current when the light is OFF.If a dimming device with phase control is used, it generates slight humming noise. Do not use the dimming device when extremely quiet ambience is required.1. Effect of noise to radio and TVIf the received radio wave is weak, noise may enter the radio, television broadcasting. Keep the radio/TV away from the light fixture and use an outdoor antenna.2. Effect of noise on audio and video signalsSince audio and video signals handled by broadcast equipment are very weak, they are susceptible to noise from the power supply cable and ballast. Use shielded cables for audio/video signal lines, or keep the signal cables away from the power cable and secondary cable of the ballast. Be sure to connect the grounding cables of equipment.3. Effect of noise on medical equipmentThe effect of noise on medical equipment varies depending on the usage condition and the type of medical equipment. Check before using the light fixture.4. Effect of noise on office equipmentIf the office equipment is susceptible to radio wave noise or it is placed near the light fixture, check the effect of noise on the office equipment.Due to the characteristics of the LED light fixture, the leakage current of high frequency is larger than that of a conventional type ballast （copper iron ballast）. Therefore, if a previous-type electrical leakage circuit breaker is used, an LED light fixture may trip the circuit breaker. When using an LED light fixture, install a high-frequency-compatible electrical leakage circuit breaker.Note that the inrush current value differs in circuit breakers, and the number of connectable unit is limited in some cases.For maintenance LED module / unit installation or replacement, please contact a specialist such as an electrical installation store.For the installation method of the maintenance LED module / unit, please check the Specification Diagram or instruction manual.Note） Please insert the mounting screw firmly so that the module is in close contact with the heat sink. If the module and the heat sink are not in close contact with each other, note that heat generated from the module will not dissipate heat on the heat sink side, leading to melting and falling of the resin lens, etc.Note） The straight tube type LED module / unit is a single side power supply system, so please check the power supply direction when installing. Use straight-tube LED modules in combination with a suitable power supply unit.・ Light fixtures have a certain service life.・ Internal parts degrade in about eight to ten years after installation even if there is no noticeable external abnormality. It is recommended to inspect/replace the light fixture after eight to ten years of use.* Operating conditions: ambient temperature of 30°C, light ON for 10 hours/day, annual ON time of 3,000 hours.・ The service life may shorten if the light remains ON for a long time under high ambient temperature.・ Have the light fixture inspected by a technician such as the installer once every three years.・ If the light fixture continues to be used without inspection for a long period of time, it may generate smoke, fire, electric shock, etc. in a rare case.Service life of fixture